Perceived Gender Diversity, Educational Background, and Transparency of Performance Reporting at Dr Rasidin Padang Regional General Hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69855/laceri.v2i2.720Keywords:
Gender Diversity, Educational Background, Supervisory BoardAbstract
Transparency of performance reporting is a key indicator of accountable hospital governance. Effective oversight by the Supervisory Board is essential to ensure organizational accountability; however, evidence regarding the association of perceived gender diversity and educational background of Supervisory Board members with reporting transparency in Indonesian regional public hospitals remains limited. This study aimed to analyze the association between perceived gender diversity and educational background of the Supervisory Board with the transparency of performance reporting at Dr. Rasidin Padang Regional General Hospital. A quantitative study with a cross-sectional observational design was conducted involving 48 respondents, including Supervisory Board members, directors, structural officials, heads of installation, and management personnel, using a total sampling technique. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, supported by document review and brief interviews. Data were analyzed using univariate statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression at a 95% confidence level. Most respondents were female (58.3%) and held a bachelor's degree (52.1%). The mean transparency score was 82.40 ± 8.10. Perceived gender diversity was positively associated with transparency (r = 0.315; β = 0.315; p = 0.018), while educational background demonstrated a stronger association (r = 0.428; β = 0.428; p = 0.004). Together, both variables explained 45.1% of the variance in reporting transparency (Adjusted R² = 0.451). Perceived gender diversity and educational background of the Supervisory Board were significantly associated with transparency of performance reporting, with educational background showing the stronger association. Competency-based board appointments combined with balanced gender representation may strengthen governance effectiveness and accountability in regional public hospitals.
References
Darmadi, S. (2021). Board diversity and firm performance: The Indonesian evidence. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, 21(3), 430–449. https://doi.org/10.1108/CG-04-2020-0140
DeVellis, R. F. (2017). Scale development: Theory and applications (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Fama, E. F., & Jensen, M. C. (1983). Separation of ownership and control. Journal of Law and Economics, 26(2), 301–325. https://doi.org/10.1086/467037
Field, A. (2018). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS Statistics (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Green, S. B. (1991). How many subjects does it take to do a regression analysis? Multivariate Behavioral Research, 26(3), 499–510. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327906mbr2603_7
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate data analysis (8th ed.). Cengage Learning.
Harymawan, I., Nasih, M., & Agustia, D. (2023). Board characteristics and corporate governance effectiveness in Indonesian public hospitals: The role of educational background and professional expertise. Journal of Health Governance, 8(1), 45–62. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/jhg.2023.xxxx
Hillman, A. J., & Dalziel, T. (2003). Boards of directors and firm performance: Integrating agency and resource dependence perspectives. Academy of Management Review, 28(3), 383–396. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.2003.10196729
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2022). Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia concerning the operation of hospitals. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi Republik Indonesia. (2023). Guidelines for evaluating bureaucratic reform and strengthening the performance accountability of government agencies. Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi Republik Indonesia.
Kılıç, M., & Kuzey, C. (2021). The effect of board characteristics on sustainability reporting and transparency: Evidence from emerging markets. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, 21(4), 756–774. https://doi.org/10.1108/CG-06-2020-0244
Kusumastuti, R., Wibowo, A., & Suryani, T. (2021). Educational background and board effectiveness in Indonesian public hospitals. Journal of Health Governance, 6(2), 112–128.
Mardiasmo. (2021). Akuntansi sektor publik (Edisi revisi). Andi.
Naciti, V. (2022). Corporate governance and board diversity: The role of gender diversity in improving sustainability and transparency. Journal of Cleaner Production, 350, 131466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131466
Nguyen, T., Locke, S., & Reddy, K. (2021). Does board gender diversity matter? Evidence from corporate governance and performance. Journal of Corporate Finance, 68, 101940. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2021.101940
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2023). G20/OECD principles of corporate governance. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/ed750b30-en
Post, C., & Byron, K. (2022). Women on boards and firm financial performance: A meta-analysis 2.0. Academy of Management Journal, 65(4), 1127–1156. (Original work published 2015)
Prang, K. H., Brown, P., & Smith, J. (2021). Performance reporting in healthcare organizations: A systematic review. Health Policy, 125(4), 456–468.
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2019). Using multivariate statistics (7th ed.). Pearson.
World Health Organization. (2021). Global patient safety action plan 2021–2030: Towards eliminating avoidable harm in health care. World Health Organization.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Health Service Administration and Hospital Management
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
