Isolation and Structural Elucidation of Flavonoid Compounds from the Bark of Arcangelisia flava (Yellow Wood) from Kalimantan and Their Cytotoxicity Test Against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69855/farmasi.v2i2.650Keywords:
Arcangelisia flava, berberine, palmatine, quercetin, MTT assay, MCF-7, breast cancer, cytotoxicity, Kalimantan, protoberberine alkaloid, flavonoid isolationAbstract
Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr., locally known as “akar kuning,” is a traditional medicinal plant from Kalimantan with limited evidence regarding its anticancer compounds. This study aimed to isolate bioactive compounds from A. flava bark and evaluate their cytotoxicity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Dried bark was macerated in 95% ethanol, fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol, and the ethyl acetate fraction was further purified by chromatography. Isolated compounds were identified using spectroscopic methods, while cytotoxicity was evaluated using the MTT assay with doxorubicin as a positive control. Three compounds were identified: berberine (85 mg), palmatine (62 mg), and quercetin (41 mg). All showed concentration-dependent cytotoxicity, with IC₅₀ values of 8.74 ± 0.38, 14.23 ± 0.61, and 18.56 ± 0.72 µg/mL, respectively. Berberine showed the highest potency and selectivity (SI = 11.27), followed by palmatine (6.14) and quercetin (6.07), while the ethyl acetate fraction had an IC₅₀ of 22.17 ± 0.94 µg/mL. These findings indicate that A. flava bark contains promising cytotoxic compounds, particularly berberine, supporting further investigation as a potential anticancer lead
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