The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Preventing Occupational Hazards in Industry 4.0 Environments
Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Occupational Safety and Health (OSH), Industry 4.0, Hazard PreventionAbstract
The development of Industry 4.0 has brought significant transformations to industrial production and operational systems, while increasing the complexity of occupational hazards due to the integration of intelligent technology, automation, and human-machine collaboration. This condition demands a more proactive, adaptive, and data-driven approach to occupational safety and health (OHS). This study aims to analyze the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in preventing occupational hazards in the Industry 4.0 environment and examine its contribution to strengthening occupational safety systems from the perspective of Safety-II and Resilience Engineering. The study used a qualitative approach with a systematic literature review method of indexed scientific articles from the period 2021–2025, with priority being placed on reputable journals. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify the forms of AI application, their impact on the effectiveness of the OHS system, and implementation challenges. The results show that AI, through machine learning, computer vision, and predictive analytics, can improve the ability to identify latent risks, monitor work conditions in real time, and make data-driven safety decisions. The application of AI contributes to a reduction in the potential for workplace accidents, increased compliance with safety procedures, and a shift in the OHS paradigm from a reactive to a proactive one. The discussion shows that AI integration strengthens Safety-II principles by supporting learning from safe work practices and increasing the resilience of safety systems as described in Resilience Engineering. However, AI effectiveness is highly dependent on organizational readiness, data quality, and the implementation of a human-centered approach. This study concludes that AI is a strategic element in developing adaptive, resilient, and sustainable OHS systems in the Industry 4.0 era.
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