The Relationship between Lifestyle Physical Activity, Stress and Smoking with the Incidence of Hypertension in Puskesmas Padang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69855/perawat.v1i2.94Keywords:
Physical Activity, Stress, Smoking, Hypertension IncidenceAbstract
According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 1.13 billion people worldwide suffer from hypertension, and less than one in five people with hypertension are well controlled (WHO, 2019). This study aims to examine the relationship between lifestyle physical activity, stress, and smoking with the incidence of hypertension in Puskesmas Padang. This study used a cross-sectional design, which aims to identify the relationship between physical activity lifestyle, stress, and smoking with the incidence of hypertension in the population visiting Puskesmas Padang. Based on the results of univariate analysis, most respondents (65.6%) reported doing physical activity. However, bivariate analysis showed that there was a significant association between physical activity lifestyle and the incidence of hypertension (p-value = 0.000). From the univariate data, only 18.8% of respondents experienced stress. However, bivariate analysis showed that stress had a significant association with the incidence of hypertension (p-value = 0.002). A total of 28.1% of respondents reported smoking. Bivariate analysis showed that smoking did not have a significant association with the incidence of hypertension (p-value = 0.447). It is important to consider other factors that may be more influential in this population. For more effective hypertension control, interventions that focus on increasing physical activity and stress management in addition to smoking reduction efforts are needed.
References
American Heart Association. (2019). Recommendations for Physical Activity in Adults. Retrieved from AHA website.
Benowitz, N. L. (2003). Cigarette smoking and cardiovascular disease: pathophysiology and implications for treatment. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 46(1), 91-111.
Benowitz, N. L. (2003). Cigarette smoking and cardiovascular disease: pathophysiology and implications for treatment. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 46(1), 91-111.
Chobanian, A. V., Bakris, G. L., Black, H. R., Cushman, W. C., Green, L. A., Izzo, J. L., ... & Rocella, E. J. (2003). Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension, 42(6), 1206-1252.
Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983). A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24(4), 385-396.
Esler, M., Lambert, E., & Schlaich, M. (2008). Point: Chronic activation of the sympathetic nervous system is the dominant contributor to systemic hypertension. Journal of Applied Physiology, 105(4), 1531-1533.
Esler, M., Lambert, E., & Schlaich, M. (2008). Point: Chronic activation of the sympathetic nervous system is the dominant contributor to systemic hypertension. Journal of Applied Physiology, 105(4), 1531-1533.
Fiqri Muslih Djaya, A. M., Sjattar, E. L., & Majid, A. (2021). Risk Stratification Schemes dalam Mendeteksi Stroke pada Pasien Atrial Fibrillation. Promotif : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 11(2), 164–171. https://doi.org/10.56338/pjkm.v11i2.2143
Glanz, K., Rimer, B. K., & Viswanath, K. (2008). Health behavior and health education: Theory, research, and practice. John Wiley & Sons.
Kearney, P. M., Whelton, M., Reynolds, K., Muntner, P., Whelton, P. K., & He, J. (2005). Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data. The Lancet, 365(9455), 217-223.
Kresdianto, D. (2014). Hubungan gaya hidup hedonis dengan perilaku konsumtif fashion pakaian pada mahasiswi di Fakultas Psikologi UIN Maliki Malang.
Lloyd-Jones, D. M., Hong, Y., Labarthe, D., Mozaffarian, D., Appel, L. J., Van Horn, L., ... & Rosamond, W. D. (2010). Defining and setting national goals for cardiovascular health promotion and disease reduction: the American Heart Association’s strategic impact goal through 2020 and beyond. Circulation, 121(4), 586-613.
McEwen, B. S. (1998). Protective and damaging effects of stress mediators. New England Journal of Medicine, 338(3), 171-179.
Negara, A. (2022). Hubungan Diabetes Melitus Dan Tingkat Stres Dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Di Puskesmas Rawat Inap Kedaton Bandar Lampung 2021. Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai, 3(1), 193–198. https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v3i1.3953
Pescatello, L. S., Franklin, B. A., Fagard, R., Farquhar, W. B., Kelley, G. A., & Ray, C. A. (2004). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and hypertension. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 36(3), 533-553.
Pescatello, L. S., Franklin, B. A., Fagard, R., Farquhar, W. B., Kelley, G. A., & Ray, C. A. (2004). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and hypertension. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 36(3), 533-553.
Primatesta, P., Falaschetti, E., Gupta, S., Marmot, M. G., & Poulter, N. R. (2001). Association between smoking and blood pressure: evidence from the health survey for England. Hypertension, 37(2), 187-193.
Steptoe, A., & Kivimäki, M. (2013). Stress and cardiovascular disease. Nature Reviews Cardiology, 9(6), 360-370.
Steptoe, A., & Kivimäki, M. (2013). Stress and cardiovascular disease. Nature Reviews Cardiology, 9(6), 360-370.
Sumarno, R. N., Prisetyo, N. M., Junico, L. E., Khasanda, P. A., Velayati, R. N., Kurniasari, E. N., Galang Saputra, Moh. Fitrah., Fikriyah, B., & Safitri, A. D. (2024). Pemeriksaan Tekanan Darah Dan Konseling Tentang Hipertensi Di Desa Lowungu, Bejen. PADMA, 4(1), 74–81. https://doi.org/10.56689/padma.v4i1.1279
World Health Organization (WHO). (2019). Hypertension. Retrieved from WHO website.
World Health Organization. (2020). Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) Analysis Guide.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Professional Evidence-based Research and Advances in Wellness and Treatment (PERAWAT)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
