Workload and Self-Control as Predictors of Cyberloafing through Work Motivation as an Intervening Variable among Community Health Center (Puskesmas) Employees
Keywords:
Workload, Self-Control, Cyberloafing, Work Motivation, Public Health Center, SEM-PLSAbstract
Dependence on internet-connected devices in public-sector workplaces has made cyberloafing the use of the internet for non-work-related purposes during working hours an important concern in community health centers. This study examines the effects of workload and self-control on cyberloafing behavior, with work motivation serving as an intervening variable, among employees of UPT Puskesmas Talang, Solok Regency. Data were collected through a Likert-scale questionnaire distributed to all 68 employees using a saturated sampling technique. A total of 62 responses were valid, representing a response rate of 91.2%. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS 4. The measurement model demonstrated adequate convergent and discriminant validity, indicated by outer loadings above 0.70, average variance extracted (AVE) above 0.50, and composite reliability above 0.70 for all constructs. The structural model showed that workload had a significant positive effect on cyberloafing (β = 0.284; p = 0.005) and a significant negative effect on work motivation (β = -0.241; p = 0.021). Self-control had a significant negative effect on cyberloafing (β = -0.312; p = 0.002) and a significant positive effect on work motivation (β = 0.398; p < 0.001). Work motivation had a significant negative effect on cyberloafing (β = -0.276; p = 0.008) and mediated the relationships between workload, self-control, and cyberloafing. The model explained 39.8% of the variance in work motivation and 51.2% of the variance in cyberloafing. Workload management, strengthening self-control, and maintaining work motivation are essential for reducing cyberloafing.
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