Factors Associated with Low Birth Weight Incidence
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69855/bidan.v2i2.324Keywords:
Low Birth Weight, Maternal Age, Parity, Gestational AgeAbstract
Low Birth Weight (LBW) is an important indicator of newborn health and the quality of maternal care. This study aims to analyze the relationship between maternal age, parity, and gestational age with the incidence of LBW in Padang City. This study used a case-control design with a sample of 110 mothers from September to June 2022 at Adnan WD Regional General Hospital divided into case (LBW) and control (non-LBW) groups. Data were collected secondary from medical records and analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The research findings indicate that maternal age <20 years and >35 years, as well as high parity (≥4 times), are associated with a higher likelihood of LBW, although this association is not statistically significant (p>0.05). Premature gestational age also shows a tendency toward LBW, but this is not significant (p=0.061). The researcher's observations indicate that maternal age, parity, and gestational age are influenced by health conditions and access to prenatal services, while maternal nutritional status plays a significant role in fetal growth. Researchers concluded that comprehensive health interventions, including nutritional education and optimal prenatal monitoring, are needed to reduce the incidence of LBW.
References
Backes EP, S. S. (2020). National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education; Board on Children, Youth, and Families; Committee on Assessing Health Outcomes by Birth Settings. Birth Sett (Washington (DC): (ed.)). National Academies Press (US). https://doi.org/10.17226/25636
Claude, J., Tshinzobe, K., & Ngaya, D. K. (2021). Etude cas-témoins des facteurs associés à l´insuffisance pondérale à la naissance au Centre Hospitalier de Kingasani, Kinshasa (République Démocratique Congo). Pan African Medical Journal, 38(94), 1–10.
Damayanti, T., F Gunanegara, R., & Hidayat, M. (2022). Determinant Factors Associated with Low Birth Weight Babies at Sakit Khusus Ibu dan Anak Kota Bandung From January-December 2019. Journal of Medicine and Health, 4(2), 131–144. https://doi.org/10.28932/jmh.v4i2.3734
Dehghani, A., Molani-Gol, R., Rafraf, M., Mohammadi-Nasrabadi, F., & Khodayari-Zarnaq, R. (2024). Iron deficiency anemia status in Iranian pregnant women and children: an umbrella systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 24(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-024-06575-z
Dinas Kesehatan Kota Padang. (2024). Profil Kesehatan Kota Padang.
Kemenkes RI. (2019). 2018 Basic Health Research Results. Kementrian Kesehatan RI, 53(9), 1689–1699.
Kementrian Kesehatan RI. (2022). Ministry of Health Strategic Plan 2020-2024. In Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (pp. 1–592).
Laksono, A. D., Wulandari, R. D., & Matahari, R. (2023). Socioeconomic Disparities in Low Birth Weight in Indonesia’s Rural Areas: A Population-Based Study. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference for Health Research – BRIN (ICHR 2022), 1, 403–413. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-112-8_37
Lestari, J. F., Etika, R., & Lestari, P. (2021). Maternal Risk Factors of Low Birth Weight (Lbw): Systematic Review. Indonesian Midwifery and Health Sciences Journal, 4(1), 73–81. https://doi.org/10.20473/imhsj.v4i1.2020.73-81
Lestari, Y. D., Maulidia, N., & Firdaus, I. (2024). Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index, Weight Gain During Pregnancy and Blood Sugar Levels of Pregnant Women in the Third Trimester on Newborn Weight. Prepotif : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 8(3), 6797–6805. https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v8i3.35963
Mira Miraturrofi’ah, D. (2025). ( Risk Factors For Low Birth Weight : Analysis Of Maternal Nutritional Deficiencies. JURNAL RISET KESEHATAN NASIONAL, 9(1), 73–80.
Permana, P., & Wijaya, G. B. R. (2019). Analysis of risk factors for Low Birth Weight (LBW) babies at the Integrated Service Unit (UPT) of Public Health (Kesmas) Gianyar I in 2016-2017. Intisari Sains Medis, 10(3), 674–678. https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v10i3.481
Putri. (2018). The Relationship Between the Upper Arm Circumference of Pregnant Women and the Birth Weight of Babies at Cut Meutia General Hospital, North Aceh Regency and Class IV Hospital IM.07.01 Lhokseumawe in 2015. AVERROUS: Jurnal Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan Malikussaleh, 2(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.29103/averrous.v2i1.399
Putri, A., & dkk. (2019). The Relationship Between Nutritional Status of Pregnant Women and the Incidence of Low Birth Weight (LBW) Babies in Ulu Belu. 3(1), 1–8.
Sathi, N. J., Ahammed, B., Alam, K., Hashmi, R., Lee, K. Y., & Keramat, S. A. (2022). Socioeconomic inequalities in low birth weight in South Asia: A comparative analysis using Demographic and Health Surveys. SSM - Population Health, 20(September), 101248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101248
Shaohua, Y., Bin, Z., Mei, L., Jingfei, Z., Pingping, Q., Yanping, H., Liping, Z., Jiexin, Y., & Guoshun, M. (2022). Maternal risk factors and neonatal outcomes associated with low birth weight. Frontiers in Genetics, 13(September), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2022.1019321
Srimiyati, K. A. (2021). Determinants of the Risk of Low Birth Weight Babies. 3(July), 334–346.
Syarif, S. (2025). Factors influencing the occurrence of low birth weight (LBW). Jurnal PSHMS, 7. https://doi.org/10.30595/pshms.v7i.1452
UNICEF. (2024). Data Warehouse - UNICEF DATA. Unicef. https://data.unicef.org/resources/data_explorer/unicef_f/?ag=UNICEF&df=GLOBAL_DATAFLOW&ver=1.0&dq=.NT_BW_UNW..&startPeriod=2016&endPeriod=2019
Utami, F. N. I. and I. (2020). Factors Associated with the Incidence of LBW. 8(1), 19–35.
Wiwik, I. I. & P. E. (2020). Determinants of Low Birth Weight Incidence. 7(3), 141–149. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkr.50967
World Health Organization. (2023). Improving maternal and newborn health and survival and reducing stillbirth. In Sustainability (Switzerland) (Vol. 11, Issue 1). http://scioteca.caf.com/bitstream/handle/123456789/1091/RED2017-Eng-8ene.pdf?sequence=12&isAllowed=y%0Ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2008.06.005%0Ahttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/305320484_SISTEM_PEMBETUNGAN_TERPUSAT_STRATEGI_MELESTARI
Wulandari, R. D., & Laksono, A. D. (2021). The Relationship between Parity and Individual Characteristics on Contraceptive Use among Women of Childbearing Age in East Java Province in 2017. Buletin Penelitian Sistem Kesehatan, 24(1), 20–30. https://doi.org/10.22435/hsr.v24i1.3038
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Bulletin of Inspiring Developments and Achievements in Midwifery
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
