Anemia Incidence in Adolescent Girls

Abstract

Teenage girls who experience anemia and if it continues into adulthood will contribute greatly to maternal mortality, increasing the risk of maternal death, prematurity, LBW, and perinatal death. Data from the Padang City Health Office, anemia in adolescent girls at SMKN was 37.5%. Purpose : This study aims to determine the risk factors for anemia in adolescent girls at SMKN in 2019. Methods : This study used a Case Control Study design conducted at SMKN from January to March 2019. The population was all adolescent girls in grades X and XI and the number of samples was 32 case samples and 32 control samples. Result : The incidence of anemia was measured by checking Hb with the Easy Touch GCHB measuring instrument, data on protein, vitamin C, iron intake using SQFFQ and to determine infectious diseases using a questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out univariately in the form of frequency and percentage distributions and bivariate analysis using the Chi Square and Odd Ratio statistical tests. The results of the study showed that risk factors associated with the incidence of anemia in female adolescents at SMKN were protein intake (p: 0.00 OR: 7.667), vitamin C intake (p: 0.00 OR: 5.0), infectious diseases (p: 0.01 OR: 3.571) while Fe intake (p: 0.64 OR: 1.552) was not a risk factor for the incidence of anemia in female adolescents. Implications : Because of its connection to productivity, quality of life, and the likelihood of health issues, anemia is a serious concern, according to the Indonesian Ministry of Health (Kemenkes) Indonesia.  Conclusions : The high incidence of anemia in female adolescents at SMK Negeri 03 Padang, is expected for female adolescents to increase their food intake, especially protein, vitamin C and Fe intake.